To paint realistic waves, you'll want to have a picture in front of you for reference.
Painting images that look real can be tricky, especially when you're using watercolors. And water is one of the hardest things to paint accurately, because waves are really just a form of motion. But whether you plan to paint a picture showing one big splash or a whole churning ocean, waves are not impossible to paint. With the right materials and a little preparation, you'll be able to make your waves look very good without a lot of effort.
Instructions
1. Set the picture or photograph where you can see it while you work. Sketch the outline and some minor details of the waves you want to paint, using the picture as a reference. Alternatively, you can trace the picture onto tracing paper and then transfer it onto the watercolor paper with graphite paper.
2. Use the pencil eraser to smudge and lighten the lines of your sketch, but be careful not to erase them. You still need to be able to see them when you start to paint.
3. Apply masking fluid to the tops of the waves with short brush strokes in the direction the water is moving. Splatter a small amount of masking fluid at the top to create the impression of spray. This will protect the white color when you start to paint on the watercolors; later on, you remove the masking fluid and the tops of your waves will be white. Allow to dry according to the directions.
4. Apply a light blue wash across the area you want to be the water using a 2-inch wash brush (a "wash" is simply terminology meaning you should color in the picture). Make it realistic by rinsing the brush with water and dabbing it along the bottom of the paint, so the paint runs a little into the water and it creates a graded look. Let it dry.
5. Paint details on your waves using different sizes of brushes and different shades of blue. Use shorter strokes for darker colors, always paint in the direction the wave is moving and don't be afraid to play around. Always apply masking fluid in areas you want to protect from getting darker paint on them as you paint. Allow the painting to dry between layers of masking fluid and different colors.
6. Allow the painting to dry completely. Remove the masking fluid by carefully rubbing it off with an eraser. Your lighter-colored areas will be exposed as you remove the dried fluid.
7. Add details or touch up the painting now that the masking fluid is gone. Remember, if you paint over a light-colored area it will not be protected now.
